Added English Note

_posts/2019-01-17-english-note.markdown

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+---
+title: 英語メモ
+date: 2019-01-17 19:31:00 +09:00
+---
+
+# 構文
+
+too much to take - 手に負えない
+is de rigueur - 慣習上必要不可欠
+utterly - 完全に
+
+make sure you know what the author expects you to know.
+
+The doom-laden feeling that this creates in us is then intensified by our inability to remember the past;
+smoke-laden 煙が立ち込めた
+doom-laden 厭世観で満ちた
+
+Thanks to his help, we managed to finish the work in time. 彼のおかげでなんとか時間内に仕事を終えることできた
+
+Thanks to the development of medicine, people have been able to live longer.
+
+Owing to the rise in oil prices, people are forced to use public transportation.
+
+The balloon is likely to burst at any time その風船は今にも爆発しそうだ
+
+It is because the air was polluted that the experiment was a failure.
+
+The experiment was a failure because the air was polluted.
+
+Thesis. Remote companies have less of an echo chamber since they are distributed. Thoughts?
+
+Obviously they should A, and B when C. Not D forever.
+
+Still - there is no A, just B.
+
+I think people are angry because Slack A, B and is C. No D, no E.
+
+Because he's the kind of person who likes helping others and is always gentle and kind as you described
+
+it was more difficult to get it wrong than guess it right! XD
+
+I'm pretty sure there was a lot of uproar about the Equifax thing
+
+# イディオム
+
+Don’t make me blush XD — 恥ずかしい XD
+
+Think before you speak next time — 次からは考えてから話せ
+
+just a citation of the law they're overcompensating for — 彼らは濫用している法律の引用ただそれだけしか示してない
+
+repeal — 撤回する
+
+no respect for their users — ユーザーに対する敬意がない
+
+be now going the A route — 今度はA作戦ときた
+
+in a blunt fashion — 露骨なやり方で
+
+"DM us, we'll take a look!" faux-friendly route — 偽りの友情作戦「DMで詳しく話を聞かせて！」
+
+reinstate — （アカウントを）復活させる
+
+shut the whole thing down — 全てを終わらせる
+
+as if, as though — 後者は話者の疑いが現れている. 仮定法過去を取る. It's as if I were a movie star.
+
+predominatly — 大抵は. Your costs are predominantly human labor.
+
+a myriad of A — 無数のA
+
+funnel toward 狭いところを前へと通る
+
+in a verifiable manner — 検証可能な方法で
+
+in a frigid manner — 冷たい態度で
+
+are expressed as — ～として表せる
+
+a cup of tea — 好きなこと、得意なこと (It's not my cup of tea)
+
+I have a lot on my plate — やることが沢山ある
+
+It's a piece of cake — 朝飯前、超簡単
+
+can enforce fine-grained control over — 何かをきめ細かく制御することができる
+
+C’est la vie! — それが人生
+
+What’s done is done — 終わったものは仕方ない
+
+If you've got it, flaunt it — 良いものは隠さないで
+
+clench my teeth — 歯を食いしばる（って耐える）
+
+Hello, I just came across this wonderful library and was really intrigued by it :)
+
+When teaching, be careful not to mix up "" and "".
+
+life saver under this condition
+
+It turned to be such great experience, I couldn’t miss opportunity to share it
+
+I like Makefiles, they are simple and yet very powerful.
+
+To my surprise — 驚くべきことに
+
+I did it *out of* curiosity — 興味本位でやった
+
+If you're of the **belt-and-suspenders mindset**, consider setting UsePAM to 'no' as well. — 心配性な性格のこと
+
+you can cancel it **as long as it has not been matched** — ～されていない限りいつでも
+
+By definition — 定義によると
+
+A found B C — AはBがCだと思った
+
+in that — という点において
+
+Iconoclast — 因襲打破主義者
+
+Researchers spend a great deal of time doing something — 研究者は多くの時間を～するのに割いています。
+
+~ upon demand for ~ — ~の要請に応じて~
+
+Granularity — 粒度
+
+in a manner — いわば、ある意味
+
+periodic – 定期的 <=> sporadic – 不定期的
+
+abuse — 名詞は(a)bjú:s 動詞は(a)bjú:z
+
+eavesdrop — 盗み聞きする
+
+hypernym – 上位概念 <=> hyponym – 下位概念
+
+in this case — 今回の場合
+
+imply, **represent**, mean, stand for, **refer to** — 意味する
+
+redundant — 余剰であり過剰であり不必要なもの
+
+appropriate, proper, reasonable — 妥当な
+
+barely — かろうじて、ほとんど～ない
+
+The iPad already has external keyboard support and an external trackpad support would go a long way to making the iPad a Mac replacement.
+
+Countless wrong inferences could be drawn from those observation.
+
+it drives me crazy [nuts] — イライラさせられる
+
+describes the steps that are involved in ~ — ~に関する手順について説明する
+
+前置詞inは特徴の違いを、ofは程度の違いを表す
+
+A is in proportion to B — AはBに比例している
+
+A is out of proportion to B — AはBに反比例している
+
+受動態は不自然に手を加えられて発生した結果に付随する、能動態は自然に発生した場合に付随する — our profits were increasedは不正があったかのような表現、our profits increasedが正しい
+
+be collectively known as A — Aと総称されている
+
+Any links to this, as to be honest nobody is providing evidence, just lip-service relying on the ignorance of most readers
+
+in a great hurry - 大急ぎで
+
+gross 名詞 — 明らかな～, a gross oversimplification - 明らかに過度な簡略化
+
+among — ～の間で — in, throughで代替可能
+
+throw A away — Aを捨てる、Aを無駄にする
+
+throw A up — 急にやめる
+
+be quick to — すぐ～する。(People are quick to alienate outsiders 人々はすぐよそ者を阻害する)
+
+incredulous at — ～を容易に信じない
+
+lack of standards for — ～に対するけじめの無さ
+
+ludicrous, ridiculous — 馬鹿げた
+
+derogatory — 差別的な
+
+A that it was B — Aだったので、B , 便利な接続詞
+
+After (p.p.), He (p.) — ～の後、彼は～した
+
+vicious — 凶悪な
+
+relentless, ruthless — しつこく、inの時は徹底的な
+
+mercilessly — 無慈悲に
+
+reckless — 無謀な
+
+profound — 心理的影響が重大な、深刻な(物理的にはdeepが適切)
+
+I felt like a coward hiding this from people — それを隠すことで自分が臆病者に思えた
+
+While training for the marathon, she was relentless in following the same schedule — マラソンの練習の間、彼女は同じスケジュールをしつこいほど守った。
+
+His history of A led to  B — 彼がAを繰り返したせいでBを招いた。
+
+hatred — 憎悪
+
+coarse — 粗い
+
+B with A everywhere — Aがいたるところに散乱しているB
+
+people, all, the crowd — 人々
+
+A was quick to spot the potential of the Internet — Aはインターネットの可能性をいち早く見出した
+
+a man who's nice to be around — そばに居てくれると助かる親切な人
+
+His generosity knows no bounds — 彼の寛大さには限りが無い
+
+borad-minded — 心が広い
+
+in one way or the other — どのみち、ある意味 e.g. This inspired you in one way or the other これはある意味あなたをインスピレートした
+
+to some extent — ある程度は、e.g. Travelling only helps to some extent 旅行はある程度それを助ける
+
+close-knit — 密接に関係している
+
+hot take — 走り書き
+
+cost an arm and a leg — 大変な金がかかる
+
+person with a forgiving nature — 寛大な心の持ち主
+
+we are on the same page — これで我々の認識が一致しましたね
+
+in that — という点で。 Man differ from animals in that they can think and speak.
+
+That said, — とは言え。ですから。
+
+# 文法
+
+p.p. the present progressive form, 現在進行系
+
+There have long been allegations that という噂がある
+
+The antisocial behaviour you are naturing あなたが心に抱いている反社会的行動
+
+have a lot to do with ～によるところが大きい
+
+一般に前置詞＋who(m)は既知の情報を確認する際に, who＋前置詞は新しい情報を求める際に好まれる
+
+ This is sure to satisfy those who are into computers. これはコンピュータにはまっている人をきっと満足させるだろう
+
+I've always wanted to study abroad someday but I haven't been able to yet.
+
+
+
+# 複文と分詞構文
+
+A typhoon hit the city, causing big destruction.
+
+While skiing in Hakuba, I twisted my ankle.
+
+Not knowing what to say, she kept silent.
+
+Seeing me, the man ran away. ←→ As the man saw me, he ran away.
+
+Written in simple English, this book is easy to understand. ←→ Since this book is written in simple English, it is easy to understand.
+
+Walking along the beach, I found a beautiful shell. ←→ When I was walking along the beach, I found a beautiful shell.
+
+and そうすれば or 然もなくば but けれども so だから、それで for というのも nor ～もまた、～ではない
+
+She is not a politician, nor is she a diplomat.
+
+
+
+# when
+
+未来の**条件**を表す場合は**現在形**を使う When I arrive at the station, I'll call you.
+
+過去の時を表す場合は過去形 When I was a child, I used to like soccer.
+
+未来の**可能性**を話す場合は**未来形** I don't know when he will come.
+
+
+
+happened to — たまたま、偶然、もしかして
+
+Do you happen to know if she has a boyfriend? — あの子に彼氏いるのかな？
+
+
+
+不定詞は名詞・形容詞・副詞的働きをする動詞ベースの詞のこと
+
+to不定詞がunrealized(未実現)、-ingがrealized(実現)
+
+I want (to eat an apple)←名詞的
+
+Thank you for playing the game
+
+
+
+She is studying English hard to study abroad.
+
+She study English hard to study abroad.
+
+違いは？
+
+
+
+only to A — 思わぬ悲観的な事実を説明するclause
+
+He **returned** after the war **only to be told** that his wife had left him.
+
+I **tore** open the box, **only to discover** that some of the parts were missing. 
+
+I **arrived** **only to find** that the others had already left.
+
+# 倒置法
+
+So do I — 私も！(I like appleに対して)
+
+So am I — 私も！(I'm twenty years oldに対して)
+
+Here comes bus — もうバス来たよ
+
+Here we go — ほら行こう
+
+In you go — 中にお入り
+
+What a shitty day — なんて日だ
+
+How beautiful (that is) — なんて綺麗なの
+
+"I'm fine", said he — 大丈夫だと彼は言った
+
+Dark as(though) it was, I found the footprints.  — 暗かったが、なんとか足跡を見つけた
+
+Hard though she tried, she couldn't make the deadline. — 頑張ったが間に合わなかった
+
+Do what you will, I won't give up — 何をされようとも諦めない
+
+Walk as he would, he couldn't get to the station. — どんなに歩いても駅にたどり着けなかった
+
+["We live in a world of churn, but we do not have to accept high churn rates as the only reality." from "Subscription Marketing: Strategies for Nurturing Customers in a World of Churn (English Edition)" by Anne Janzer](http://a.co/bda7A29)
+
+[45 Ways To Avoid Using The Word 'Very' - Writers Write](http://writerswrite.co.za/45-ways-to-avoid-using-the-word-very/)